Module-2 Past Paper Questions and Answers (2 marks)

1. State any two natural factors influencing crop pattern in India

Nature of soil / Types of climate / Extent of rainfalls


2. Define food security

“access of all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life” – World Bank 1986

“Food security, at the individual, household, national, regional and global levels [is achieved] when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient,safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life” adopted by world food summit 1996


3. Mention the different sources of irrigation in India

Canals / Tanks / Wells and tube wells


4. Define crop pattern

The acreage distribution of different crops in any one year in a given farm area such as a county, water agency, or farm.

The proportion of area under different crops at a point of time.


5. Mention any two problems of agricultural labors

Seasonal unemployment, Unskilled and lack of training’, Low social status


6. Name the different types of unemployment found in Indian agriculture 

Seasonal unemployment, Cyclic unemployment, Underemployment


7. Expand the term NABARD

National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development

Module-1 Past Paper Questions and Answers (2 marks)

1. Define Economy?

The state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money.


2. State any two characteristics of developed country

Good health and education system, Good transportation system, Low percentage of deaths because of starvation


3. Define density of population

Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume or Measure of the intensity of land use, expressed as number of people per square kilometer or square mile


4. What is national Income?

the total net earnings from the production of goods and services in a country over a period of time, usually one year, and consisting essentially of wages, salaries, rent, profits, and interest.


5. Give two reasons for inequalities of income

Gender discrimination, More regressive taxation


6. Define Indian economy
The manner in which various economic activities such as farming, manufacturing, mining, trade, transport, banking etc connected with the production and distribution of goods and services are organized in India, and the way which the people of the India earn their livelihood.


7. What is per capita Income

The total national income divided by the number of people in the nation


8. Mention any Two characteristics of Indian economy

Low per capita Income, Predominance of Agriculture


9. What do you mean by Exhaustible resources and Give an examples

A natural resource that cannot be increased by the natural forces of the environment. The quantities of exhaustible resources are effectively fixed and thus the more used today, the less is available for use in the future. Example are, oil, minerals

How are children socialised?

Seemingly insignificant actions of parents can have major impacts on the socialization of their children. For instance, what would you do if your baby cried continuously but was not ill, hungry, or in need of a diaper change? Would you hold your baby, rock back and forth, walk around, or sing gently until the crying stopped, even if it took hours. The answer that you give very likely depends on your culture 

Socialization is a learning process that begins shortly after birth. Early childhood is the period of the most intense and the most crucial socialization. It is then  hat we acquire language and learn the fundamentals of our culture. It is also when much of our personality takes shape.

Furthermore family is an important agent of socialization where a child starts learning the language of family. Slowly and gradually a children learns the roles of family members. He/she recognizes the roles of father, mother, sisters and brothers. It has been seen that most of the children follow the roles of others like putting on glasses and reading newspapers as their parents do.

“Man can be destroyed but not defeat”. Discussion in relation to “the Old man and the sea”

The book “The Old Man and the Sea” was written by Hemingway in 1951. Just as Hemingway himself said, the work is the best one he ever wrote in his life. The book was so successful that it enabled Hemingway to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.

First the famous words in Hemingway's books “A man can be destroyed but not defeated". It had to do with the persistence of a man in achieving what he wanted to get done inspite of all adversities, taunts and hardships to turn defeat into victory, thereby showing the triumph of human spirit to overcome life's problems and take control over one self-turning that into a victory.

The story of is quite simple: and Cuban fisherman finally fished a very big marlin after eighty four days’ taking no fish, but the fish was too big, the old man spent three days conquering the marlin. However, on his way home, he and the big fish were attacked by a lot of sharks. At last, when he came back, only the head, tail and vertebra of the fish remained.

Othello: A Tragic Hero

A tragic hero is a person who initially is well-respected and holds a high esteem within society. They are of high moral worth and are highly ambitious in what they set out to achieve. A single mistake or character flaw can, however, bring them to ruin, with a loss of everything that they possess. 

In the discussion of whether Othello fits the role of a tragic hero, the following concepts need to be considered. Firstly, as befitting a tragic hero, Othello holds an important role. He is well-respected and admired by all. Othello is a noble hero; he is held in high regard by Venetian society. 

Secondly, through a character flaw and the added complication of external forces working against him, he suffers a dramatic fall from grace. He loses all that he held dear- his wife, his status, his position, and the respect held by others of him.

Othello's Jelousy

Othello is a tragedy written by the famous playwright, William Shakespeare. Othello is an African general of Venice, he promotes Michael Cassio to the position of lieutenant and Iago is extremely jealous. Iago begins an evil scheme against Othello and manipulates him into thinking Desdemona is cheating on him. Othello returns to the castle and kills his innocent wife. A tragedy is a literary work in which the main character meets a sad or devastating ending. In Elizabethan dramas, the basis of tragedy is usually a lethal imperfection in the hero’s personality. Othello’s character flaw is his irrational jealousy because it leads him to believe Iago’s lies without actual proof and he goes as far as killing his innocent wife.

Introduction to Foreign Trade and Economic Development

Ø Foreign Trade Plays a vital role in the economic development of a country.

Ø When a country specializes in the production of those goods which it can produce cheaper and import those goods which others can produce reat a lower cost, it gains from trade and there is increase in national income.

Ø The classical and neo- classical economists believe that international trade contributes greatly to the economic growth of the country.

Ø Robertson calls external trade as an “Engine of Growth”.

Ø Enables under developed countries to obtain raw materials, plant, machinery, and equipment, technical know-how.

Ø Economists also hold that foreign trade hinders the development of underdeveloped countries.

Ø Historically it has resulted in the exploitation of under developed countries.

Ø Helps the development of an underdevelopment of an underdeveloped economy by expanding productive capacity.

Ø Speeds up economic development of underdeveloped countries.

Ø Provides necessary infrastructure.

Ø Widens the extent of markets.

Ø Has great educative effect.

Ø Encourages inflow of capital.

Ø Brings efficiency in production.

Ø Enlarges a country’s consumption capacities.

Ø Promotes greater international and domestic equality by equalizing factor prices.

Ø Promotes economic cooperation between countries.

Ø Raul Prebisch, Hans Singer, and Gunar Myrdal who hold the view that foreign trade has hindered rather than helped the economic development of under developed countries.