Introduction

Indian Society is an old and extremely complex. The area of Indian society was so vast. The land area is 33 million square km, and also india is the 2nd most populated country in the world, 7th largest country in the world. In this land of diversity more than 200 dialects of which 15 have been constitutionally recognized are spoken.

Most important features are:

1. Geographical factors

2. Unity and diversity

3. Languages

4. Religious factors

5. Races and ethnicity

6. Cast and tribes

7. Cultural factors

8. Political factors

Features and Factors

Geographical factors:
The natural boundaries provide India a geographical unity

Unity and Diversity:

The Indian social and cultural patterns are characterized unity as well as diversity. India is second most populated country in the world and the 7th largest country in the world. There are many factors in diversity includes languages, culture, religions, climatic condition etc. unity implies ones and wetness. In all these we can see the differences but also we can see the unity as well.



Language:

In India as many as 1652 languages and dialect are spoken. Despite these there is lingual unity. In the past people had accepted Sanskrit as the common language. According to the constitution recognized 15 languages. Hindi is the national language but some part of the India they did not accept it.



Religious factors:

Inspire the religious diversity India poses the religious unity. Hinduism is the dominated religion in India. India is a secular country, which means there is no state religion. According the statistics of 1991 the major religion in India as follows

· Hinduism

· Muslim

· Christian

· Sikhs

· Buddhists

· Janis

· Jews



Races and Ethnicity

Indian society is polygenetic and is a mixture of various races. A race is a large group of people distinguished by inherits physical differences. The major races are classified into

· The Negrilos

· The proto asteroids

· The mangoloids

· Mediterranean

· The pre-Aryan or Dravidian

· Western brachyeepals



Cast and Tribes

The whole cast system emerges from Varna system. 7.8% are tribes that mean 52.03 million are tribes in India. They have given different names for their tribes.



Cultural factor
Culture is a sum total of language belief arts, moral norms, institution acquired by man as a member of the community. Origin of Hinduism is Sanadharum. Hinduism is a mixture of various cultures like Buddhism, Islam etc. Different culture had been influenced but even today Hinduism philosophy was strong. Hindu culture was not much change.



Political Factor

India is called other name Bharathavarsha. India stood like a firm rock to fight the British and to reveal them from the colonial rule. Even after independence, politician unity was exhibited at the time of war Indo China.



Conclusion

India being democratic, Socialistic republic is based on equity, justice, and secularism. Indian law applied all people without any discrimination.

Cultural Dynamics thoughts the ages

There are 3 important ages

· The influence of Buddhism

· The influence of Islam

· The influence of west

Influence of Islam

Both Hindus and Muslims live together for many years. Muslim entered in India in 10th century. But their actual influence starts on 15th and 16th century.

Major influences are as follows


Impact on urban life or urban settlement

Important cities where Muslim came and settle down were like Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Sikandharabad etc. they made settlement easily there and there was enough resources.



Impress values

Unity, brotherhood, oneness, fraternity are the impressive values of Muslim which attracted the lower community people of Hindus. The higher part of Hindu never accepts Islam.



Other influences

Communal harmony, impact on education, impact on art and architecture, impact on music and gardening, those are the impacts and influences of Islam on Indian society.

Influence of west

Following are the impacts of west on Indian society

• Impact on institutions such as education, legal system, economy, new welfare scheme.

• New ideas and values like, humanities, rationalism, secularism

• Impact on materialist aspects, impact on political system, influence on life style, influence on social movement and encouraged freedom struggle